An A1C test provides an overall picture of blood glucose levels during approximately the previous two to three months. Unlike a finger-stick test, which measures glucose at one particular moment, A1C reflects longer-term glucose exposure. Important: This A1C blood sugar chart is an educational tool. It cannot diagnose diabetes, confirm a diagnosis or determine an individual treatment target. Discuss laboratory results with a qualified healthcare professional.

A1C Conversion Calculator

[Place the interactive A1C calculator here]

Suggested calculator fields

Enter your result:

• A1C percentage
• HbA1c mmol/mol
• Average glucose mg/dL
• Average glucose mmol/L

Show these results:

• A1C: [result]%
• HbA1c: [result] mmol/mol
• Estimated average glucose: [result] mg/dL
• Estimated average glucose: [result] mmol/L
• General diagnostic range: [normal, prediabetes or diabetes range]

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Result disclaimer

Your calculated average glucose is an estimate based on a population formula. It may not match the average of your meter or continuous glucose monitor readings, and it does not show individual glucose spikes or low readings.

Quick A1C Diagnostic-Range Chart

The following hemoglobin A1C chart shows the general laboratory ranges used to screen for and diagnose prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

General diagnostic range	A1C result
Normal range	Below 5.7%
Prediabetes range	5.7% to 6.4%
Diabetes range	6.5% or higher

These ranges are used for diagnosis, but an abnormal result does not always establish a diagnosis by itself. When a person does not have clear symptoms, NIDDK advises confirming a result indicating prediabetes or diabetes with a repeat A1C or another diabetes test on a different day.

Diagnostic range and personal target are not the same

A common mistake is treating the diagnostic portion of an A1C chart as a personal treatment goal. Diagnostic ranges help healthcare professionals identify possible prediabetes or diabetes. A personal A1C target is used to manage an existing condition and may be adjusted according to factors such as age, overall health, medications, pregnancy and risk of low blood sugar. For many adults living with diabetes, an A1C of 7% or less may be recommended, but individual goals can differ. A healthcare professional should determine the appropriate target using the person’s complete medical history.

Complete A1C Conversion Chart

The following A1C conversion chart covers results from 4% to 14% in half-point intervals.

A1C	Estimated average glucose mg/dL	Estimated average glucose mmol/L	HbA1c mmol/mol
4.0%	68	3.8	20
4.5%	82	4.6	26
5.0%	97	5.4	31
5.5%	111	6.2	37
6.0%	126	7.0	42
6.5%	140	7.8	48
7.0%	154	8.6	53
7.5%	169	9.4	58
8.0%	183	10.2	64
8.5%	197	11.0	69
9.0%	212	11.8	75
9.5%	226	12.6	80
10.0%	240	13.4	86
10.5%	255	14.1	91
11.0%	269	14.9	97
11.5%	283	15.7	102
12.0%	298	16.5	108
12.5%	312	17.3	113
13.0%	326	18.1	119
13.5%	341	18.9	124
14.0%	355	19.7	130

Values are rounded estimates. The eAG values use the A1C-derived average glucose relationship, while HbA1c mmol/mol values use the NGSP–IFCC conversion relationship.

How to Use the A1C Chart

Step 1: Find your laboratory A1C result

Look for a result reported as a percentage, such as:

• 4%
• 2%
• 0%
• 5%

It may appear on the report as A1C, HbA1c, hemoglobin A1C, glycated hemoglobin or glycosylated hemoglobin.

Step 2: Find the closest value in the table

Locate your result in the first column of the A1C to glucose chart. For example, if your result is 7.0%, move across the row to find:

• Estimated average glucose: 154 mg/dL
• Estimated average glucose: 8.6 mmol/L
• HbA1c: approximately 53 mmol/mol

Step 3: Use the result as an estimate

An A1C result and an eAG value describe related information in different units. The conversion can make a laboratory result easier to compare with the units displayed by a glucose meter. However, eAG is not a prediction of what a meter should display at every check. Blood glucose naturally changes throughout the day, while A1C represents a longer-term average.

Step 4: Review the result with a healthcare professional

Do not change medication, insulin, diet or treatment solely because of this table. Bring the laboratory result, glucose records and any continuous glucose monitor reports to a medical appointment.

A1C Chart Examples

Example 1: A1C of 5.4%

An A1C of 5.4% falls below the general 5.7% threshold for prediabetes. Using the conversion formula:

• Estimated average glucose is approximately 108 mg/dL.
• Estimated average glucose is approximately 6.0 mmol/L.
• HbA1c is approximately 35 mmol/mol.

This does not mean every glucose reading will be close to 108 mg/dL. Some readings may be higher or lower.

Example 2: A1C of 6.1%

An A1C of 6.1% falls within the general prediabetes range of 5.7% to 6.4%. It converts to approximately:

• 128 mg/dL eAG
• 1 mmol/L eAG
• 43 mmol/mol HbA1c

A person without clear diabetes symptoms may need additional or repeat testing before a diagnosis is made.

Example 3: A1C of 6.5%

An A1C of 6.5% is at the laboratory threshold used for the diabetes range. The A1C blood sugar chart converts it to approximately:

• 140 mg/dL
• 8 mmol/L
• 48 mmol/mol

A result at this level should be discussed with a healthcare professional. When clear symptoms are absent, a second measurement is generally needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Example 4: A1C of 8.0%

An A1C of 8.0% converts to an estimated average glucose of approximately:

• 183 mg/dL
• 2 mmol/L
• 64 mmol/mol

For someone already living with diabetes, this result needs to be compared with their personal target—not only with the diagnostic ranges shown above.

How Is A1C Converted to Average Glucose?

The American Diabetes Association’s eAG calculator uses this formula: eAG in mg/dL = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7 For example: 28.7 × 7 − 46.7 = 154.2 mg/dL After rounding, an A1C of 7% equals an estimated average glucose of approximately 154 mg/dL. To convert mg/dL to mmol/L, divide the mg/dL result by approximately 18: 154 ÷ 18 = 8.6 mmol/L The relationship between A1C and eAG was developed from the A1c-Derived Average Glucose study. It is a statistical estimate and will not describe every person’s glucose pattern with complete precision.

How Is A1C Converted to HbA1c mmol/mol?

Laboratories may report HbA1c in one of two main formats:

• NGSP/DCCT percentage, such as 7.0%
• IFCC mmol/mol, such as 53 mmol/mol

The NGSP provides the following conversion: IFCC mmol/mol = 10.93 × A1C − 23.50 The reverse formula is: A1C percentage = 0.09148 × IFCC + 2.152 For example: 10.93 × 7 − 23.50 = 53.01 mmol/mol Therefore, 7.0% is approximately equal to 53 mmol/mol.

Why Your A1C and Glucose Readings May Not Match

Many people expect the eAG shown in an A1C chart to equal the mathematical average of their finger-stick readings. The numbers can differ for several reasons.

Your meter captures selected moments

A glucose meter shows the level at the specific time the test is performed. Testing mainly before breakfast may miss after-meal increases or overnight changes.

A1C does not show glucose variability

Two people may have the same A1C while having very different daily patterns. One may remain close to the average most of the time. Another may experience frequent high and low values that average out to the same number. The CDC notes that an A1C estimate may not account for individual glucose spikes or lows and does not replace home glucose monitoring.

Recent weeks may influence the result

A1C reflects approximately two to three months, but it should not be interpreted as a simple average in which every day carries exactly the same weight.

Some health conditions can affect accuracy

A1C may be falsely increased or decreased by factors including:

• Severe anemia
• Kidney failure
• Liver disease
• Sickle cell disease or thalassemia
• Blood loss
• Blood transfusion
• Early or late pregnancy
• Certain medications

Tell a healthcare professional when any of these circumstances apply, especially when A1C does not agree with glucose meter or CGM data.

Practical Tips for Reading an A1C Blood Sugar Chart

Use your laboratory result

For medical decisions, use the result from your laboratory report rather than estimating A1C from a few home readings.

Check the unit carefully

A value of 48 mmol/mol is approximately 6.5%, not 48%. Always check whether the report uses:

• Percentage
• mmol/mol
• mg/dL
• mmol/L

Avoid comparing one glucose reading with an A1C average

A reading taken after a meal may be much higher than eAG. A fasting reading may be lower. That does not automatically mean the laboratory result is incorrect.

Look at trends

When monitoring diabetes, the direction of results may be as important as one isolated number. For example:

• Previous A1C: 8.5%
• Current A1C: 7.8%

The newer result remains above many common treatment goals, but the downward trend may indicate that the current plan is having an effect.

Do not use the chart to change treatment independently

An A1C conversion chart can explain units, but it cannot account for medications, hypoglycemia risk, pregnancy, kidney function or other personal factors.

Download the Printable A1C Chart

[Add PDF download button here] Suggested button text: Download Printable A1C Chart PDF The downloadable version should include:

• Diagnostic ranges
• Conversion values from 4% to 14%
• mg/dL and mmol/L columns
• HbA1c mmol/mol values
• The conversion formulas
• A medical disclaimer
• The page URL
• Publication and review dates

Suggested PDF filename: a1c-chart-blood-sugar-conversion.pdf Suggested image filename: a1c-chart-mg-dl-mmol-l-hba1c.webp

Medical Disclaimer

This page is provided for general education and unit conversion only. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The calculator and A1C chart use established mathematical relationships, but calculated values are estimates. Laboratory methods, medical conditions, pregnancy, medications and differences in red-blood-cell lifespan may affect A1C results. Do not use this page to start, stop or change medication or insulin. Discuss test results and treatment decisions with a qualified healthcare professional.